Supplying fuel and water to boilers.



H.- LEMP. SUPPLYING FUEL AND WATER T0 BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 16, 1907.

1,041,640. Patented 0ct.15, 1912.

Witnesses: Invehtof; 'Her-mann Len-1p,

25 the varying demands upon the boiler. There UNITED STAlllS PATENT ornron.

" HERMANN LEMP,

or LYNN, MAs sAenusn'rTs. assienon ena els ELECTRIC COMPANY, A oonrona'rron or :unw O K a I sUrrILYrne rum; rm)" WATER 'rosorrnns.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

' h Application filed August 16, 1907. Serial No. 388,752.

To all whom it, mag concern:

Be -it known that I, HERMANN LEMP, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Supplying Fuel and \Vathe supply of fuel and Water in Order that to Boilers, of which the following is a the steam pressure may be kept at or near a constant value. The fuel ordinarily used is a liquid hydrocarbon, and this and the feed Water are usually supplied to the burner and the boiler respectively by means boiler with Water.

of pumps. Sometimes pneumatic pressure is employed instead of a pump to force the liquid fuel from its reservoir to the burner. It is necessary to use great care in regulating the supplies. of fuel and Water to prevent overheating on the one hand and excessive cooling on the other, in order to maintain a normal steam pressure and meet are two factors Which are customarily depended upon to effect an automatic control of the fuel and Water. These are the pressure and the temperature of the steam. In the present case, I make use of both, the fuel supply being controlled by both, and the Water supply by the pressure only. Briefly stated, the oil or other liquid fuel can feed by gravity to the burners, although the main supply is forced from a reservoir under pneumaticpressure. The flow is governed by a regulator actuated by elastic fluid under pressure, preferably compressed air, Which is controlled by a self-closing valve normally held-shut by the pressure of the air. A movableabutment responsive to an excessive steam pressure in the boiler acts toopen said valve and admit the air to the fuel-controlling valve. The air can also flow through a branch pipe to a movable abutment arranged to shut off the flow of steam to a steam pump Which supplies the i As an additional safeguard, afthermostatic air-valve is provided in a shunt around the steam-pressure-controlled air-valve, so constructed that upon an abnormal rise in thetemperature of the steam the fuel-controlling valve will be closed. The air pressure in the fuel tank is so calculated. in proportion to the size of the burners that whenthe fuel-controlling valve is wide open the burners will evaporate the maximum quantity of water which the boiler is designed. to takecare of. The water pump, moreover, is pro vided with a speed-regulating device which. when the steam admission valve is wide open, allows it to supply no more water to the boiler than the burners can evaporate. In other words, the ratio between the quantities of fuel and water supplied to the boiler is such as to enable the boiler to furnish its maximum output of steam at the proper temperature for an indefinite period. An excessive steam pressure cuts off both fuel and water, and both are turned on again when the pressure drops to normal. In the contingency of the water tank be coming empty the increased temperature of the steam operates through the thermostat to shut ofi the fuel.

The accompanying drawing is a diagram of parts and connections illustrating my invention.

The boiler is conventionally represented as a zigzag coil of pipe 1, inclosed in a casing 2, lined with heat-resisting and insulating material. The casing extends below the coil to form a fire chamber in which are burners 3 adaptedto vaporize the liquid fuel. A. fuel tank a is located above the level of said burners, so that fuel will flow to them by gravity through the pipe 5, and maintain a pilot light when the main supply is shut off. The main fuel reseryoir (3 is connected with the pipe 5 by the pipe 7. The fuel in said reservoir is under air pressure of say 80 pounds to the square inch. A check-valve 8 prevents this air pressure from forcing fuel back into the tank 4.

The pipe 7 is controlled by -a pressureactuated regulator comprising a valve 9 con nected to a movable abutment 10 which is exposed to the action of compressed air in a pipe 1-1 leading from a suitable source of supply, such as the tank 12. The flow of air in this pipe is controlled by a valve 13 Patented Oct. 15,1912.

sure of the air in thetank 12. The valve can be opened by a multiplying lever 14 receiving motion from an abutment,.such as the diaphragm. 15, which is exposed on one side to. the pressure of the steam conveyed to said diaphragm by a pipe 16;

which branches from the steam main 17. =The spring 18 on .the opposite side of said diaphragm isset to yield at the maximum steam pressure permissible." The multiplying lever i l gives a very delicate and close regulation for slight-changes in pressure. Thesteam'pump for supplying water to the upper end of the boiler comprises a steamcylinder l9and a water cylinder 20,

the latter drawing water from a tank 21 through the pipe 22. I The steam end of the pump receives steam through a pipe'23 connected to the main 1'7. lnt erposed in the pipe 23 is a shut-ofi valve 24 Working in acasing/25 andattached to a'movable abutment, such'as a piston 28, to the underside is controlled by a speed regulator 29, preferably of the Mason type, whose weighted lever 30 is connected with said throttle by arod 31; So long as'the shut-off valve-24 remains I open, the regulator 29 maintains thespeed of the pump constant, irrespective of variations in steam pressure or load. The quantity of water supplied to the boiler in any given time is thus kept constant, and

by proper adjustment of the regulator this can be fixed at just the right amount for b the burners to evaporate when Working the point 34, between The opening under normal tank pressure.

It may happen that, for some reason such as the failure of thewater supply, the

steam rapidlyrises intemperature, and this might occurwithout, any rise in pressure,

the main throttlevalve was open.

such an event; I providea shunt, around the valve 13 frointhe-air tank'12 .to the fuelcontrolling valve 9, comprising a pipe 33 running from said tank to the-pipe. 11 at the a valve 13 and the valve-diaphragm 10.

the air pressure; It can normallyv'closedby I I by a thermostat ex be opened; however,

posed torthe live steam and responsive to a.

dangerous rise in the temperature thereot;

as brass or copper.

In. orderto prevent-burning out the boiler :in'

simultaneously I "steam; with .a Thisshunt air-pipe 33 is controlled by a valve'35- which is-held with; the apparatus of said valve admits air to the oipe 11 and operates to'shutofi the-fuel,

menses at the valve 9. A check valve 3(S p're'vents the air from entering the pipe 27 and operating the steam shut-ofl valve 2*, as itis '7 desirable to keep up the water feed in order to cool oil the boiler. I1": thewater has given out, no, harm will-result froni not closing the valve .24, as the pump- Itvillishoh't-stop owing-to the failure .of-steain. The-thermos stat which operates the'valve. 35, is 'preferably composed of a sect-ion 3730f the -steam main, said sectionbeingfniade ofajmetalf having a largeco'eflicient of expansion; such Near one'e'nd of said sectionis anarm 38 to which is secured one .end of a rod 39-which is made oif a material, such as nickel-steel, having" a ."lowcr" coefiicientof expansion than the section-3? of the steam main. Nearthe-oppositefend of the section 37 is secured a; bracket &0 on

which is mounted the casing ofthe valve",

"Pivoted on this bracket is a lever 41 to which the other end of the-rod 39 is piv otally attached. The .freeend of the lever is arranged to open the valve when-the section 37 becomes. relatively longer-than the rod 39 owing to the greater expansion of said section by an increase in 'temperature of the steam'flowingthrough it. IWhen the ten'iperat'ure' fall s, the section 3? corntracts and shortens more than the rod-39, so that the lever is moved away'from the valve 35 and itis permitted to close.

' The valve is held normally closed by-the' pressure of I I I the valve is opened. bythe thermostat inthe manner above described, the air passesfreely to'a'nd operates the pressure regulator valve 9, thereby closing the pipe 7 and shutting oft theimain fuel supply, The z'irei's thus subdued and the abnormal superheating of the steam'is checked,'so that ltS'l13111 pera'ture can fall to-a safe value.

It will :be observed that the thermostatic .section 37 of the steam main is 'locatedgbe tween the boilera'nd the pipe-i23i feeding steam to the pump, constantly flowing through said 1 thermostatic section evenfwhen the main throttle 32 is closed; I

The normalconditions'of 0peration,there fore, are a predetermined'ratio' of fuel and. water supply in quantities sufficient to ena ble the boiler to produce its. maximum out.- put, and the 'c-ontrol'of' both fuel and water by I the pressure of the torepresent thebest embodiment thereof;

but I desireto have it understood that as the .airin-the tank 12. [when] so that live steam-is;

I thermostatic control ef the fuel-as a safeguard against overheating the; boiler. 4

a pa a us. hown sp bt ill st a v and siren and desire to secure lncoinbination, a vapor generator, a burner for heating thefluld 1n the generator,

means fonsupplynig fluid tothe generator, a-

contr'ol'ler 'fort'he fluid -supply, means for supplying fuel to the burner, a controller for the fuel supply, a source of compressed air supply, and -a regulator responsive to variations in the pressure inthe generator for regulating the supply of compressed air from said source to said controllers to cause the latter to vary the supply of fluid and fuel to the generator and burner respectively.

'2. The combination with a boiler, of a burner therefor, a source of liquid fuel supply, a pressure actuated regulator controlling the flow of said fuelto the burner, a steam pump for supplying Water to said boiler. a ressure actuated, re ulator controlling the supply of steam to said pump, and means responsive to the boiler pressure for controlling both of said regulators.

3. The combination with a boiler, of a burner therefor, a source 0 liquid fuel supply, a pressure actuated r gulator controlling the flow of said fuel to the burner, a steam pump for supplying ivater to said boiler, a pressure actuated regulator controlling the supply of steam to said pump, a source of elastic fluid pressure, and means responsive to the boiler pressure for admitting elastic fluid pressure to both of said regulators.

t. The combination with a boiler, of, a burner therefor, a source of liquid fuel supply, a pressure actuated regulator controlling the flow of said fuel to-the burner, a source of elastic fluid pressure, a means responsive to the temperature of the steam for admitting said elastic fluid pressure to the regulator and means responsive to the pressure of the steam for also admitting said elastic fluid pressure to said regulator.

The combination with a boiler, of a burner therefor, a source of liquid fuel supply, a pressure actuated regulator controlling the flow of fuel to the burner, a source of elastic fluid pressure, a valve controlling the admission of said elastic fluid pressure to the regulator, a thermostat exposed to the steam and arranged to operate said valve, and a valve controlled by the pressure of the steam for also admitting said elastic fluid pressure to said regulator.

6 A system of fuel and water supply for a boiler, comprising reservoirs for fuel and water, a steam water pump, a compressed air tank, a pressure actuated regulator controlling the flow p fuel, a second pressure "controlling the actuated regulator controlling the flow of steam to the pump, a third pressure actuated regl'llator connected with the steam main and admission 'of air to the other two regulators, a thermostat exposed to the steam between the boiler and the pump, and a valve controlled by said thermostat and -'adniitting air to the fuel supply regulator.

' 7. A system of fuel and water supply for a boiler, comprising means for supplying the right quantity of Water to be evaporated by a predetermined quantity of fuel into steam of a given temperature, means for supplying said fuel, a source of elastic fluid under pressure, pressure actuated devices for controlling both the fuel and the water supplies,

ressure which controls the application of elastic fluid from said source'to said-devices to simultaneously stop or start Plies. v 1

8. A system of fuel and water supply for a boiler, comprising means for supplying the right quantity of water to be evaporated by a predetermined quantity of fuelint steam of a given temperature, means for suaplying said fuel, a source of elastic fluid unde pressure, pressure actuated devices for controlmeans responsive to the steam pressure which controls the application of elastic mult-aneously stop or start both supplies, and means responsive to an excessive temperature of the steam for shutting off the fuel.

9. In an apparatus ofthe character described,- thecombination with a vapor generator, of a fluid feed,'a fuel heed, both of said feeds being controlled from a source of compressed air supply, and a regulator for controlling said air supply, said regula tor being actuated by variations in pressure in the generator.

10. The combination with a boiler, of a burner therefor, 21 source of liquid fuel sup ply, a pump for supplying water to said boiler, a source of elastic fluid under pres-- sure, and means actuated by said pressure fluid for simultaneously shutting off the fuel and Water supply when the boiler pressure becomes excessive.

11.. The combination with a boiler, of a burner therefor, a source ofliq uid fuel supply, a pump for supplying Water, a source of elastic fluid pressure, "alves adapted to be actuated by said pressure for controlling said fuel and Water sup-plies,

sponsive to excessive steam pressure for admitting the fluid pressure to actuate said valves.

12. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a generator; heating and means responslve to the steam 176th sup-' fluid from said source to the devices to siling both the. fuel and the water supphe s,

and means reeratoi anti of fuel to said heating means,'rof fluid. to the liquid supply regulating spct-i-vely; fluid-pressure-act-uated mea-nsvfor' "means. 10

. operatingeach of said i gulating means; a In witness whereof, I have hereunto set thermostatic device in'connectim" with said my hand this twelfth day of August, 1907. generator for. controlling the supply of fluid HER-MANN LEMP. for operating the fuel-supply regulating -Witnesses: means; and a device afii'ected by'the pressure ALEX. F. MACDO ALD,

in said g enerator forcontrollingthesupply JOHN A. McMANus, Ji'. 

